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Official statement

It's highly recommended to have descriptive page titles that reflect the content of each page. This helps to set user expectations when visiting a page and ensures better visibility in search results.
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🎥 Source video

Extracted from a Google Search Central video

⏱ 4:47 💬 EN 📅 27/03/2019 ✂ 3 statements
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Other statements from this video 2
  1. 2:39 Les méta descriptions influencent-elles vraiment le taux de clic en SEO ?
  2. 3:42 Angular Universal résout-il vraiment les problèmes d'indexation des applications JavaScript ?
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Official statement from (7 years ago)
TL;DR

Google emphasizes the significance of descriptive page titles for Angular applications as they define user expectations and enhance visibility in search results. For SEO professionals, this serves as a reminder that JavaScript frameworks require special attention to the fundamentals — with the title remaining a major relevance signal. Specifically, each Angular route must generate a unique and descriptive title, either server-side or via client rendering.

What you need to understand

Why does Google specifically target Angular applications?

Angular applications generate content dynamically client-side by default. This architecture presents a historical issue: the initial HTML sent to the crawler often contains only an empty shell with a generic title that is the same across all pages.

Even though Google has been correctly indexing JavaScript for years, relevance signals remain dependent on the quality of the metadata. A vague or duplicated title dilutes the algorithm's understanding of the page — and negatively affects the click-through rate in SERPs.

What does Google consider a descriptive title?

A descriptive title reflects the actual content of the page and anticipates user intent. No empty formulas like "Welcome" or "Homepage". The title should include the main subject, the added value, and ideally a differentiating factor.

In the context of Angular, this means that each route change (SPA transition) must trigger a title update via Angular's Title service or another equivalent solution. So, if you navigate from /products to /products/trail-shoes, the title should change from "Product Catalog" to "Trail Shoes – Outdoor Gear".

What’s the difference between client-side rendering and server-side rendering for titles?

With pure client-side rendering (CSR), the initial title is defined in index.html and is updated after the JavaScript execution. Google waits for the JS to execute — which works, but introduces latency. The crawler first sees the generic title, then the final title after rendering.

With server-side rendering (SSR via Angular Universal), the sent HTML directly contains the final title. The crawler receives the correct signal immediately, without waiting for JavaScript hydration. This is mechanically more reliable for SEO, especially on sites with a large number of pages.

  • Each Angular route must have a unique title that accurately describes the content of the page
  • The title should be defined before the first render, ideally server-side to eliminate any crawling ambiguity
  • Avoid duplicated generic titles like "My App" repeated across 500 pages
  • Use Angular's Title service to synchronize titles with route changes
  • Check the rendering in incognito mode and via the URL inspection tool in Search Console to see what Google is actually indexing

SEO Expert opinion

Does this statement reveal a persistent issue on Google's side?

The fact that Google continues to emphasize the fundamentals on JavaScript applications speaks volumes. Either developers are massively ignoring these best practices, or the crawler is still struggling with certain edge cases. My field experience leans towards a mix of both — with a majority of poorly configured Angular apps for SEO.

The fact that Splitt insists on "it is highly recommended" rather than "mandatory" suggests that Google can still index without a descriptive title — but with a severe visibility handicap. In other words, you're not blacklisted, you're just invisible. [To be verified]: Does Google rewrite vague titles of Angular apps more aggressively than titles from conventional sites? Observations are contradictory.

What nuances should be added to this recommendation?

First, not all JavaScript frameworks are created equal when it comes to crawling. Angular has long been the most problematic for SEO compared to React or Vue, particularly due to complex asynchronous rendering. Recent versions (Angular Universal, native Angular SSR) have changed the game — but migration remains cumbersome.

Secondly, a descriptive title guarantees nothing if the indexable content is empty. I've seen Angular apps with impeccable titles and no text in the initial DOM. Google indexes the title, displays a blank snippet or one generated from the DMOZ directory... and the CTR plummets. The title is just one link — the whole chain (content, structured data, rendering time) needs to hold together.

In what scenarios does this rule become secondary?

For private applications or connected areas (dashboards, back-office), SEO is irrelevant. There’s no need to optimize titles for Google if pages are behind a strict login. However, beware of leaks: some misconfigured crawlers index URLs that are supposed to be protected.

For ultra-specialized single-page apps with no intention of organic ranking (internal tools, POCs, prototypes), the effort for configuring dynamic titles can be deferred. But as soon as there's a content or SEO acquisition strategy, it’s non-negotiable — the title becomes the first relevance signal that Google ingests.

If your Angular app loads content after several seconds and the title appears late, you risk partial crawling. Google may abandon rendering before completion — especially on sites with low authority or limited crawl budgets.

Practical impact and recommendations

What should you concretely do on an existing Angular application?

First, audit the source HTML of each key route: display the raw source code (not the inspector, the real source) and check whether the and are present and unique. If you see the same title everywhere, you have an Angular router configuration problem.</p> <p>Next, implement a <strong>dynamic title strategy</strong> via Angular's Title service. In each route component or resolver, inject Title and call setTitle() with a descriptive value. For an e-commerce site: "Product Name – Category – Brand". For a blog: "Article Title – Section – Site Name".</p> <h3>What mistakes should you absolutely avoid?</h3> <p>Don’t rely on <strong>client-side rendering alone</strong> if your site has serious SEO ambitions. CSR works, but it introduces variables (network latency, crawl budget, JavaScript blocked by the user's company) that create uncertainty. Angular Universal or a static pre-rendering solution eliminates these risks.</p> <p>Avoid <strong>titles generated through automatic concatenation</strong> without business logic. I've seen sites that stack all active filters in the title: "Products – Price – Color – Size – Brand – Availability". Result: an unreadable 120-character title that Google truncates. Prioritize <strong>semantic hierarchy</strong>: the most differentiating information first.</p> <h3>How can I check if my implementation works on Google’s side?</h3> <p>Use the <strong>URL inspection tool</strong> in Search Console. Request a live indexing, wait for the complete rendering, and compare the title displayed in the "Indexed Page" tab with your target title. If Google shows a different or generic title, it means the signal didn’t pass correctly.</p> <p>Also, test with a <strong>JavaScript crawler</strong> like Screaming Frog (JS rendering mode enabled) or OnCrawl. Set a rendering delay of 5-10 seconds and verify that titles are unique throughout the crawl. A duplication rate over 5% on titles is an immediate red flag.</p> <ul class="checklist"> <li>Enable Angular Universal or a SSR solution to generate titles server-side</li> <li>Inject the Title service into each route component and call setTitle() with a unique value</li> <li>Check the raw source HTML (not the inspector) to confirm the presence of the title before JS execution</li> <li>Test the rendering in Search Console via the URL inspection tool</li> <li> Crawl the site with a tool that supports JavaScript and monitor the title duplication rate</li> <li>Implement a title template system based on business data (product name, category, etc.)</li> </ul> <div class="summary">Optimizing titles on an Angular application requires coordination between front-end developers and SEO — often necessitating a partial redesign of the rendering architecture. If your team lacks resources or technical expertise on these subjects, reaching out to an SEO agency specialized in JavaScript frameworks can expedite compliance and secure your organic positions. Custom support helps avoid costly mistakes and deploys a sustainable solution tailored to your tech stack.</div></div> </div> <!-- FAQ --> <div class="section-card"> <h2>❓ Frequently Asked Questions</h2> <div class="faq-list"> <details class="faq-item"> <summary class="faq-question">Est-ce que Google indexe correctement les titres définis en JavaScript côté client ?</summary> <div class="faq-answer">Oui, Google exécute le JavaScript et indexe les titres générés dynamiquement. Mais le délai de rendu introduit une incertitude — surtout sur les sites à faible autorité où le crawl budget est limité. Le rendu côté serveur élimine cette variable.</div> </details> <details class="faq-item"> <summary class="faq-question">Faut-il obligatoirement utiliser Angular Universal pour avoir des titres SEO-friendly ?</summary> <div class="faq-answer">Non, mais c'est la solution la plus fiable. Vous pouvez aussi utiliser des solutions de pré-rendu statique (Prerender.io, Rendertron) ou configurer le service Title avec un resolver de route pour définir les titres avant le montage des composants.</div> </details> <details class="faq-item"> <summary class="faq-question">Combien de caractères maximum pour un titre de page sur une app Angular ?</summary> <div class="faq-answer">La limite technique est de ~60 caractères affichés en SERP (environ 600 pixels). Au-delà, Google tronque. Visez 50-60 caractères pour un affichage complet, avec les mots-clés prioritaires en début de titre.</div> </details> <details class="faq-item"> <summary class="faq-question">Comment vérifier si mon titre est bien indexé par Google après un changement de route ?</summary> <div class="faq-answer">Utilisez l'outil d'inspection d'URL dans Search Console. Demandez une indexation en direct, attendez le rendu complet, et vérifiez le titre affiché dans l'onglet HTML. Comparez avec votre titre cible pour détecter toute divergence.</div> </details> <details class="faq-item"> <summary class="faq-question">Google peut-il réécrire les titres d'une app Angular plus souvent que sur un site classique ?</summary> <div class="faq-answer">Aucune donnée officielle ne confirme un traitement différencié, mais les observations terrain montrent que Google réécrit plus souvent les titres vagues ou génériques — fréquents sur les apps Angular mal configurées. Un titre descriptif réduit ce risque.</div> </details> </div> </div> <!-- Tags SEO --> <div class="seo-tags-block"> <span class="seo-tags-label">🏷 Related Topics</span> <div class="seo-tags"> <a href="/en/?q=Angular+SEO" class="seo-tag-pill">Angular SEO</a> <a href="/en/?q=titres+descriptifs" class="seo-tag-pill">titres descriptifs</a> <a href="/en/?q=rendu+JavaScript" class="seo-tag-pill">rendu JavaScript</a> <a href="/en/?q=Angular+Universal" class="seo-tag-pill">Angular Universal</a> <a href="/en/?q=crawl+budget" class="seo-tag-pill">crawl budget</a> <a href="/en/?q=meta+title" class="seo-tag-pill">meta title</a> <a href="/en/?q=SPA+SEO" class="seo-tag-pill">SPA SEO</a> <a href="/en/?q=indexation+JS" class="seo-tag-pill">indexation JS</a> </div> </div> <!-- Categories --> <div class="declaration-tags"> <a href="/en/c/anciennete-historique" class="tag" style="background: #94a3b820; color: #94a3b8;">Domain Age & History</a> <a href="/en/c/contenu" class="tag" style="background: #10b98120; color: #10b981;">Content</a> <a href="/en/c/ia-seo" class="tag" style="background: #a855f720; color: #a855f7;">AI & SEO</a> <a href="/en/c/javascript-technique" class="tag" style="background: #eab30820; color: #eab308;">JavaScript & Technical SEO</a> </div> <!-- Syntheses thematiques liees --> <!-- Autres declarations de la meme video YouTube --> <div class="section-card yt-same-video"> <h2> 🎥 From the same video <span class="yt-same-count">2</span> </h2> <p class="yt-same-intro"> Other SEO insights extracted from this same Google Search Central video · duration 4 min · published on 27/03/2019 </p> <div class="related-grid yt-same-grid"> <a href="/en/d/utilisation-des-meta-descriptions-dans-les-resultats-de-recherche" class="related-item yt-same-item"> <div class="title">Les méta descriptions influencent-elles vraiment le taux de clic en SEO ?</div> <div class="meta"> <span class="yt-same-ts">⏱ 2:39</span> </div> </a> <a href="/en/d/amelioration-de-l-indexation-des-applications-angular-avec-angular-universal" class="related-item yt-same-item"> <div class="title">Angular Universal résout-il vraiment les problèmes d'indexation des applications JavaScript ?</div> <div class="meta"> <span class="yt-same-ts">⏱ 3:42</span> </div> </a> </div> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bZDjQOMf4U" target="_blank" rel="noopener" class="yt-same-source-link"> 🎥 Watch the full video on YouTube → </a> </div> <!-- Declarations similaires --> <div class="section-card"> <h2>Related statements</h2> <div class="related-grid"> <a href="/en/d/assessment-of-changes-in-google-search" class="related-item"> <div class="title">How does Google truly evaluate changes in its algorithm before deployment?</div> <div class="meta"> Nikola Todorovic · May 2026 · <span class="stars">★★★</span> </div> </a> <a href="/en/d/the-impact-of-ai-summaries-and-ai-mode" class="related-item"> <div class="title">Will Google's AI Summaries Kill Traditional Organic Traffic?</div> <div class="meta"> Nikola Todorovic · May 2026 · <span class="stars">★★★</span> </div> </a> <a href="/en/d/the-importance-of-valuable-content-for-seo" class="related-item"> <div class="title">Is AI really changing the rules for valuable content in SEO?</div> <div class="meta"> Nikola Todorovic · May 2026 · <span class="stars">★★★</span> </div> </a> <a href="/en/d/human-interaction-and-expertise-in-content" class="related-item"> <div class="title">Does human expertise still play a crucial role in ranking against generative AI?</div> <div class="meta"> Martin Splitt · May 2026 · <span class="stars">★★★</span> </div> </a> <a href="/en/d/revolutionary-change-in-ai-powered-search" class="related-item"> <div class="title">Is AI really transforming how Google handles our SEO queries?</div> <div class="meta"> Nikola Todorovic · May 2026 · <span class="stars">★★★</span> </div> </a> <a href="/en/d/use-of-ai-in-google-search" class="related-item"> <div class="title">How is AI truly reshaping the ranking of results in Google Search?</div> <div class="meta"> Nikola Todorovic · May 2026 · <span class="stars">★★★</span> </div> </a> </div> </div> <!-- Prev/Next --> <div class="prev-next"> <a href="/en/d/using-meta-descriptions-in-search-results"> <div class="nav-label">« Previous</div> <div class="nav-title">Using Meta Descriptions in Search Results...</div> </a> <a href="/en/d/using-meta-descriptions-in-search-results" style="text-align: right;"> <div class="nav-label">Next »</div> <div class="nav-title">Using Meta Descriptions in Search Results...</div> </a> </div> <div class="back-link"> <a href="/en/" class="btn">« Back to results</a> </div> </div> <style> .comments-section { max-width: 860px; 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class="footer-popular-speaker">Nikola Todorovic</span> </span> <span class="footer-popular-text">Comment Google Search restructure-t-il son moteur pour contrer l'offensi…</span> </a> <a href="/en/d/impact-des-resumes-d-ia-et-du-mode-ia" class="footer-popular-link"> <span class="footer-popular-meta"> <span class="footer-popular-date">May 2026</span> <span class="footer-popular-speaker">Nikola Todorovic</span> </span> <span class="footer-popular-text">Les résumés d'IA de Google vont-ils tuer le trafic organique traditionne…</span> </a> <a href="/en/d/importance-du-contenu-de-valeur-pour-le-seo" class="footer-popular-link"> <span class="footer-popular-meta"> <span class="footer-popular-date">May 2026</span> <span class="footer-popular-speaker">Nikola Todorovic</span> </span> <span class="footer-popular-text">L'IA transforme-t-elle vraiment les règles du contenu à valeur ajoutée e…</span> </a> <a href="/en/d/utilisation-de-l-ia-dans-google-search" class="footer-popular-link"> <span class="footer-popular-meta"> <span class="footer-popular-date">May 2026</span> <span class="footer-popular-speaker">Nikola Todorovic</span> </span> <span class="footer-popular-text">Comment l'IA transforme-t-elle réellement le classement des résultats da…</span> </a> <a href="/en/d/evaluation-des-changements-dans-google-search" class="footer-popular-link"> <span class="footer-popular-meta"> <span class="footer-popular-date">May 2026</span> <span class="footer-popular-speaker">Nikola Todorovic</span> </span> <span class="footer-popular-text">Comment Google évalue-t-il réellement les changements de son algorithme …</span> </a> <a href="/en/d/changement-revolutionnaire-de-la-recherche-par-ia" class="footer-popular-link"> <span class="footer-popular-meta"> <span class="footer-popular-date">May 2026</span> <span class="footer-popular-speaker">Nikola Todorovic</span> </span> <span class="footer-popular-text">L'IA révolutionne-t-elle vraiment la façon dont Google traite nos requêt…</span> 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Check your inbox.', already: 'You are already subscribed.', error: 'Something went wrong, please try again.', }; function getCookie(n) { return document.cookie.split(';').some(c => c.trim().startsWith(n + '=')); } function setCookie(n, days) { var d = new Date(); d.setDate(d.getDate() + days); document.cookie = n + '=1;expires=' + d.toUTCString() + ';path=/;SameSite=Lax'; } function closePopup(popup) { popup.style.opacity = '0'; setTimeout(function() { popup.style.display = 'none'; }, 300); sessionStorage.setItem(SESSION_KEY, '1'); } function showMsg(container, text, type) { var existing = container.querySelector('.nl-popup-msg'); if (existing) existing.remove(); var el = document.createElement('div'); el.className = 'nl-popup-msg ' + type; el.textContent = text; container.appendChild(el); } document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { var popup = document.getElementById('nl-popup'); var popupForm = document.getElementById('nl-popup-form'); var closeBtn = document.getElementById('nl-popup-close'); if (!popup || !popupForm) return; // Ne pas afficher si : deja inscrit OU deja vu cette session if (getCookie(COOKIE) || sessionStorage.getItem(SESSION_KEY)) return; // Afficher apres 30% scroll OU 20 secondes var nlShown = false; function showNlPopup() { if (nlShown) return; nlShown = true; popup.style.display = 'flex'; sessionStorage.setItem(SESSION_KEY, '1'); } var scrollHandler = function() { var pct = window.scrollY / (document.body.scrollHeight - window.innerHeight); if (pct > 0.3) { showNlPopup(); window.removeEventListener('scroll', scrollHandler); } }; window.addEventListener('scroll', scrollHandler, {passive: true}); setTimeout(showNlPopup, 20000); closeBtn.addEventListener('click', function() { closePopup(popup); }); popup.addEventListener('click', function(e) { if (e.target === popup) closePopup(popup); }); document.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) { if (e.key === 'Escape' && popup.style.display === 'flex') closePopup(popup); }); popupForm.addEventListener('submit', function(e) { e.preventDefault(); var email = popupForm.querySelector('input[type="email"]').value.trim(); var btn = popupForm.querySelector('button[type="submit"]'); btn.disabled = true; var origText = btn.textContent; btn.textContent = '...'; fetch(API_URL, { method: 'POST', headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}, body: JSON.stringify({email: email, lang: LANG}) }) .then(function(r) { return r.json(); }) .then(function(data) { btn.disabled = false; btn.textContent = origText; if (data.success) { setCookie(COOKIE, 365); popupForm.style.display = 'none'; showMsg(popup.querySelector('.nl-popup-box'), data.already ? MSG.already : MSG.success, 'success'); // Masquer aussi le bloc inline si present var inline = document.querySelector('.nl-inline-section'); if (inline) inline.style.display = 'none'; setTimeout(function() { closePopup(popup); }, 2500); } else { showMsg(popup.querySelector('.nl-popup-box'), data.error || MSG.error, 'error'); } }) .catch(function() { btn.disabled = false; btn.textContent = origText; showMsg(popup.querySelector('.nl-popup-box'), MSG.error, 'error'); }); }); }); })(); </script> <!-- WebSite + Organization Schema --> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@graph": [ { "@type": "WebSite", "@id": "https://seoclaims.com/#website", "name": "SEO Declarations", "url": "https://seoclaims.com", "inLanguage": [ "fr-FR", "en" ], "publisher": { "@id": "https://seoclaims.com/#organization" }, "potentialAction": { "@type": "SearchAction", "target": { "@type": "EntryPoint", "urlTemplate": "https://seoclaims.com/?q={search_term_string}" }, "query-input": "required name=search_term_string" } }, { "@type": "Organization", "@id": "https://seoclaims.com/#organization", "name": "SEO Declarations", "url": "https://seoclaims.com", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://seoclaims.com/assets/logo.png", "width": 512, "height": 512 }, "description": "Search engine for official Google SEO declarations, bilingual analysis and AI-enriched context.", "knowsAbout": [ "Search Engine Optimization", "Google Search", "Core Web Vitals", "Technical SEO", "Content SEO", "Link building", "Structured data", "AI search optimization" ], "sameAs": [] } ] }</script> <!-- ==================== CHATBOT WIDGET ==================== --> <button id="cbw-launcher" type="button" aria-label="Ask the SEO assistant a question" title="Ask the SEO assistant a question"> <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="26" height="26" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2.2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" aria-hidden="true"> <path d="M21 15a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H7l-4 4V5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h14a2 2 0 0 1 2 2z"></path> </svg> <span class="cbw-launcher-label">SEO Assistant</span> <span class="cbw-launcher-pulse" aria-hidden="true"></span> </button> <div id="cbw-panel" role="dialog" aria-label="SEO Assistant" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="cbw-head"> <div class="cbw-head-txt"> <strong>SEO Assistant</strong> <span>Powered by official Google declarations</span> </div> <div class="cbw-head-actions"> <a href="https://seoclaims.com/en/chatbot" class="cbw-icon-btn" title="Open full version" aria-label="Open full version"> <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="18" height="18" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2.2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M15 3h6v6"></path><path d="M10 14L21 3"></path><path d="M21 14v5a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2V5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h5"></path></svg> </a> <button type="button" id="cbw-close" class="cbw-icon-btn" title="Close" aria-label="Close"> <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="20" height="20" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2.4" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M18 6L6 18"></path><path d="M6 6l12 12"></path></svg> </button> </div> </div> <div class="cbw-body" id="cbw-messages" aria-live="polite"> <div class="cbw-msg assistant cbw-welcome">Hi! Ask me anything about SEO and Google — I answer with cited sources from official declarations.</div> </div> <form class="cbw-form" id="cbw-form" autocomplete="off"> <textarea id="cbw-input" rows="1" placeholder="Ask a question..." maxlength="500" required></textarea> <button type="submit" id="cbw-send" aria-label="Send"> <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="18" height="18" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2.4" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><line x1="22" y1="2" x2="11" y2="13"></line><polygon points="22 2 15 22 11 13 2 9 22 2"></polygon></svg> </button> </form> </div> <style> #cbw-launcher { position: fixed; bottom: 24px; right: 24px; z-index: 9998; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; padding: 14px 20px 14px 16px; background: linear-gradient(135deg, #7c3aed 0%, #5b21b6 100%); color: #fff; border: none; border-radius: 999px; box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(124,58,237,.35); font-family: inherit; font-size: .93rem; font-weight: 600; cursor: pointer; transition: transform .15s ease, box-shadow .15s ease; } #cbw-launcher:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(124,58,237,.45); } #cbw-launcher svg { flex-shrink: 0; } .cbw-launcher-label { white-space: nowrap; } .cbw-launcher-pulse { position: absolute; top: -2px; right: -2px; width: 12px; height: 12px; background: #10b981; border: 2px solid #fff; border-radius: 50%; animation: cbwPulse 2s infinite; } @keyframes cbwPulse { 0%,100% { transform: scale(1); opacity: 1; } 50% { transform: scale(1.3); opacity: .7; } } #cbw-panel { position: fixed; bottom: 24px; right: 24px; z-index: 9999; width: 400px; max-width: calc(100vw - 32px); height: 560px; max-height: calc(100vh - 48px); background: #fff; border-radius: 16px; box-shadow: 0 20px 60px rgba(0,0,0,.2); display: grid; grid-template-rows: auto 1fr auto; overflow: hidden; transform: translateY(20px) scale(.96); opacity: 0; pointer-events: none; transition: transform .22s ease, opacity .22s ease; font-family: inherit; } #cbw-panel[aria-hidden="false"] { transform: translateY(0) scale(1); opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto; } #cbw-panel[aria-hidden="false"] ~ #cbw-launcher, body.cbw-open #cbw-launcher { opacity: 0; pointer-events: none; transform: scale(.8); } .cbw-head { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; padding: 14px 16px; background: linear-gradient(135deg, #7c3aed, #5b21b6); color: #fff; } .cbw-head-txt strong { display: block; font-size: .97rem; line-height: 1.2; } .cbw-head-txt span { display: block; font-size: .75rem; opacity: .85; margin-top: 2px; } .cbw-head-actions { display: flex; gap: 6px; } .cbw-icon-btn { width: 32px; height: 32px; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; background: rgba(255,255,255,.12); color: #fff; border: none; border-radius: 8px; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none; transition: background .15s; } .cbw-icon-btn:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,.22); } .cbw-body { flex: 1; overflow-y: auto; padding: 16px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; background: #fafafa; } .cbw-msg { max-width: 92%; padding: 10px 14px; border-radius: 12px; font-size: .9rem; line-height: 1.55; animation: cbwIn .2s ease-out; } @keyframes cbwIn { from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(4px); } to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); } } .cbw-msg.user { align-self: flex-end; background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a73e8, #1557b0); color: #fff; border-bottom-right-radius: 3px; } .cbw-msg.assistant { align-self: flex-start; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #e2e8f0; border-bottom-left-radius: 3px; color: #1e293b; } .cbw-msg.assistant.error { background: #fef2f2; border-color: #fecaca; color: #991b1b; } .cbw-msg.cbw-welcome { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f3e8ff, #ede9fe); border-color: #c4b5fd; color: #5b21b6; } .cbw-citation { display: inline-block; background: #ede9fe; color: #5b21b6; font-size: .75rem; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 6px; border-radius: 8px; margin: 0 2px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: 1px; } .cbw-hint { display: inline-block; background: #fef3c7; color: #92400e; font-style: normal; font-size: .82rem; padding: 1px 7px; border-radius: 6px; margin-left: 4px; font-weight: 500; } .cbw-citation:hover { background: #ddd6fe; } .cbw-sources { margin-top: 10px; padding-top: 9px; border-top: 1px dashed #cbd5e1; } .cbw-sources-title { font-size: .7rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .4px; font-weight: 700; color: #64748b; margin-bottom: 6px; } .cbw-src { display: block; padding: 8px 10px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #e2e8f0; border-left: 3px solid #7c3aed; border-radius: 6px; margin-bottom: 5px; font-size: .78rem; color: inherit; text-decoration: none; transition: transform .12s; } .cbw-src:hover { transform: translateX(2px); border-color: #7c3aed; } .cbw-src strong { display: block; color: #1e293b; margin-bottom: 1px; font-size: .8rem; line-height: 1.3; } .cbw-src .cbw-src-meta { color: #64748b; font-size: .7rem; } .cbw-src .cbw-src-id { display: inline-block; background: #ede9fe; color: #5b21b6; font-family: monospace; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 5px; border-radius: 4px; margin-right: 4px; } .cbw-typing { display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 10px 14px; } .cbw-typing span { width: 7px; height: 7px; border-radius: 50%; background: #7c3aed; opacity: .5; animation: cbwTyping 1.2s infinite; } .cbw-typing span:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: .15s; } .cbw-typing span:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: .3s; } @keyframes cbwTyping { 0%,80%,100% { transform: scale(.7); opacity: .4; } 40% { transform: scale(1); opacity: 1; } } .cbw-form { display: flex; gap: 8px; padding: 12px; background: #fff; border-top: 1px solid #e2e8f0; } .cbw-form textarea { flex: 1; padding: 10px 12px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; border-radius: 10px; font-size: .9rem; font-family: inherit; resize: none; min-height: 40px; max-height: 110px; outline: none; transition: border-color .15s; } .cbw-form textarea:focus { border-color: #7c3aed; box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(124,58,237,.12); } .cbw-form button { width: 42px; height: 42px; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; background: linear-gradient(135deg, #7c3aed, #5b21b6); color: #fff; border: none; border-radius: 10px; cursor: pointer; flex-shrink: 0; } .cbw-form button:disabled { opacity: .5; cursor: not-allowed; } @media (max-width: 640px) { #cbw-launcher { bottom: 16px; right: 16px; padding: 12px 16px 12px 14px; font-size: .85rem; } .cbw-launcher-label { display: none; } #cbw-launcher { padding: 14px; } #cbw-panel { top: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; width: 100vw; max-width: 100vw; /* dvh = dynamic viewport height : se reduit quand le clavier mobile s'ouvre */ /* fallback vh pour navigateurs tres anciens */ height: 100vh; height: 100dvh; max-height: 100vh; max-height: 100dvh; border-radius: 0; } /* Laisse le clavier rogner l'espace du body, pas de la frame entiere */ .cbw-body { overscroll-behavior: contain; } } @media print { #cbw-launcher, #cbw-panel { display: none !important; } } </style> <script> (function() { const LANG = "en"; const T = {"sending":"...","send":"Send","sources":"Sources","rate_limit":"Limit of 10 questions per hour reached.","error":"Error. Please try again.","too_short":"Question too short."}; const launcher = document.getElementById('cbw-launcher'); const panel = document.getElementById('cbw-panel'); const closeBtn = document.getElementById('cbw-close'); const msgsEl = document.getElementById('cbw-messages'); const formEl = document.getElementById('cbw-form'); const inputEl = document.getElementById('cbw-input'); const sendBtn = document.getElementById('cbw-send'); // Sync panel height to the visual viewport (keyboard-aware) sur mobile // Necessaire car Chrome Android n'honore pas toujours 100dvh correctement // quand le clavier virtuel s'ouvre : la panel reste a 100vh et le contenu // du haut est pousse hors ecran. function syncViewport() { if (!window.visualViewport) return; if (panel.getAttribute('aria-hidden') !== 'false') return; if (window.innerWidth > 640) { panel.style.height = ''; return; } panel.style.height = window.visualViewport.height + 'px'; } function open() { panel.setAttribute('aria-hidden', 'false'); document.body.classList.add('cbw-open'); syncViewport(); if (window.visualViewport) { window.visualViewport.addEventListener('resize', syncViewport); window.visualViewport.addEventListener('scroll', syncViewport); } // Afficher le message de bienvenue au chargement msgsEl.scrollTop = 0; setTimeout(() => inputEl.focus(), 200); } function close() { panel.setAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true'); document.body.classList.remove('cbw-open'); panel.style.height = ''; if (window.visualViewport) { window.visualViewport.removeEventListener('resize', syncViewport); window.visualViewport.removeEventListener('scroll', syncViewport); } } launcher.addEventListener('click', open); closeBtn.addEventListener('click', close); document.addEventListener('keydown', e => { if (e.key === 'Escape' && panel.getAttribute('aria-hidden') === 'false') close(); }); function esc(s) { return String(s).replace(/[&<>"']/g, c => ({'&':'&','<':'<','>':'>','"':'"',"'":'''}[c])); } function renderAnswer(answer, sources, queryId) { const byId = {}; (sources || []).forEach(s => { byId[s.id] = s; }); let html = esc(answer).replace(/\[#(\d+)\]/g, (m, id) => { const s = byId[id]; if (!s) return ''; return '<a class="cbw-citation" href="' + esc(s.url) + '" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-qid="' + (queryId||0) + '" data-sid="' + id + '" data-kind="citation">#' + id + '</a>'; }); // Markdown italique *texte* -> <em>texte</em> (non greedy, non multiligne) html = html.replace(/\*([^*\n]+?)\*/g, '<em class="cbw-hint">$1</em>'); return html.replace(/\n/g, '<br>'); } function renderSources(sources, queryId) { if (!sources || !sources.length) return ''; let out = '<div class="cbw-sources"><div class="cbw-sources-title">' + esc(T.sources) + '</div>'; sources.forEach(s => { const meta = [s.speaker, s.date].filter(Boolean).join(' · '); out += '<a class="cbw-src" href="' + esc(s.url) + '" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-qid="' + (queryId||0) + '" data-sid="' + s.id + '" data-kind="source_card">' + '<strong><span class="cbw-src-id">#' + s.id + '</span>' + esc(s.title || '') + '</strong>' + '<div class="cbw-src-meta">' + meta + '</div></a>'; }); return out + '</div>'; } // Beacon de clic : non bloquant, n'empeche pas la navigation function logClick(qid, sid, kind) { if (!qid || !sid) return; const payload = JSON.stringify({ query_id: qid, source_id: sid, kind }); try { if (navigator.sendBeacon) { navigator.sendBeacon('/api/chatbot-click', new Blob([payload], {type: 'application/json'})); } else { fetch('/api/chatbot-click', { method: 'POST', headers: {'Content-Type':'application/json'}, body: payload, keepalive: true }).catch(() => {}); } } catch (e) {} } // Delegation d'evenement sur le conteneur messages msgsEl.addEventListener('click', function(e) { const a = e.target.closest('a[data-qid][data-sid]'); if (!a) return; logClick(parseInt(a.dataset.qid, 10), parseInt(a.dataset.sid, 10), a.dataset.kind || 'source_card'); }); function addUserMsg(txt) { const d = document.createElement('div'); d.className = 'cbw-msg user'; d.innerHTML = esc(txt).replace(/\n/g, '<br>'); msgsEl.appendChild(d); scroll(); } function addBot(data, isError) { const d = document.createElement('div'); d.className = 'cbw-msg assistant' + (isError ? ' error' : ''); if (typeof data === 'string') d.innerHTML = esc(data); else { const qid = data.query_id || 0; d.innerHTML = renderAnswer(data.answer || '', data.sources || [], qid) + renderSources(data.sources || [], qid); } msgsEl.appendChild(d); // Pas de scroll : on laisse l'utilisateur sur sa question, il scrolle lui-meme pour lire la reponse } function showTyping() { const d = document.createElement('div'); d.className = 'cbw-msg assistant'; d.id = 'cbw-typing'; d.innerHTML = '<div class="cbw-typing"><span></span><span></span><span></span></div>'; msgsEl.appendChild(d); // Pas de scroll sur l'indicateur de frappe non plus } function hideTyping() { const t = document.getElementById('cbw-typing'); if (t) t.remove(); } function scroll() { msgsEl.scrollTop = msgsEl.scrollHeight; } async function ask(question, origin) { origin = origin || 'widget'; addUserMsg(question); inputEl.value = ''; inputEl.style.height = 'auto'; sendBtn.disabled = true; showTyping(); try { const resp = await fetch('/api/chatbot', { method: 'POST', headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }, body: JSON.stringify({ question, lang: LANG, referer: window.location.pathname, origin }) }); hideTyping(); const data = await resp.json(); if (!resp.ok) { addBot(data.error === 'rate_limit' ? T.rate_limit : T.error, true); } else { addBot(data, false); } } catch (e) { hideTyping(); addBot(T.error, true); } finally { sendBtn.disabled = false; inputEl.focus(); } } // API publique pour declencher le chatbot depuis d'autres pages // Usage : window.ChatbotSEO.ask("Ma question", "search_fallback") window.ChatbotSEO = { open, close, ask: function(question, origin) { if (!question || question.length < 3) return; open(); // Laisser l'animation d'ouverture se lancer puis envoyer setTimeout(() => ask(question, origin || 'search_fallback'), 350); } }; inputEl.addEventListener('input', function() { this.style.height = 'auto'; this.style.height = Math.min(this.scrollHeight, 110) + 'px'; }); inputEl.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) { if (e.key === 'Enter' && !e.shiftKey) { e.preventDefault(); formEl.requestSubmit(); } }); formEl.addEventListener('submit', function(e) { e.preventDefault(); const q = inputEl.value.trim(); if (q.length < 3) { addBot(T.too_short, true); return; } ask(q); }); })(); </script> <nav class="mobile-nav" aria-label="Mobile navigation"> <a href="/en/" class="mobile-nav-item"> <svg width="22" height="22" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><circle cx="11" cy="11" r="8"/><path d="m21 21-4.3-4.3"/></svg> <span>Search</span> </a> <a href="/en/declarations" class="mobile-nav-item"> <svg width="22" height="22" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><rect x="3" y="3" width="7" height="7"/><rect x="14" y="3" width="7" height="7"/><rect x="3" y="14" width="7" height="7"/><rect x="14" y="14" width="7" height="7"/></svg> <span>Categories</span> </a> <a href="/en/?browse=1&sort=date_desc" class="mobile-nav-item"> <svg width="22" height="22" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10"/><polyline points="12 6 12 12 16 14"/></svg> <span>Recent</span> </a> <a href="/" class="mobile-nav-item mobile-nav-lang"> <svg width="22" height="16" viewBox="0 0 640 480"> <rect width="213" height="480" fill="#002654"/><rect x="213" width="214" height="480" fill="#fff"/><rect x="427" width="213" height="480" fill="#ce1126"/> </svg> <span>FR</span> </a> </nav> <!-- Lightbox (self-contained) --> <div id="lightbox" style="display:none;position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:99999;background:rgba(0,0,0,.9);align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:16px;cursor:zoom-out;" onclick="closeLightbox()"> <button onclick="closeLightbox();event.stopPropagation();" style="position:absolute;top:12px;right:16px;z-index:100000;width:44px;height:44px;border:none;background:rgba(255,255,255,.2);color:#fff;font-size:1.6rem;border-radius:50%;cursor:pointer;" aria-label="Fermer">×</button> <img id="lightbox-img" src="" alt="" style="max-width:95%;max-height:90vh;border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 8px 40px rgba(0,0,0,.5);" onclick="event.stopPropagation()"> </div> <script> function openLightbox(src){ var lb=document.getElementById('lightbox'); document.getElementById('lightbox-img').src=src; lb.style.display='flex'; document.body.style.overflow='hidden'; } function closeLightbox(){ document.getElementById('lightbox').style.display='none'; document.body.style.overflow=''; } document.addEventListener('keydown',function(e){if(e.key==='Escape')closeLightbox();}); function ytPlay(card) { var vid = card.dataset.vid; var ts = parseInt(card.dataset.ts) || 0; card.classList.add('playing'); card.innerHTML = '<iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/' + vid + '?autoplay=1&rel=0&modestbranding=1' + (ts > 0 ? '&start=' + ts : '') + '" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>'; } </script> </body> </html>