What does Google say about SEO? /
Quick SEO Quiz

Test your SEO knowledge in 5 questions

Less than a minute. Find out how much you really know about Google search.

🕒 ~1 min 🎯 5 questions

Official statement

For websites using non-Unicode fonts such as in Burmese, Google attempts to recognize this situation and map these fonts to their Unicode versions, enabling proper indexing of the content. Using Unicode fonts is preferable since all search engines can process them directly.
4:00
🎥 Source video

Extracted from a Google Search Central video

⏱ 1h01 💬 EN 📅 02/08/2017 ✂ 13 statements
Watch on YouTube (4:00) →
Other statements from this video 12
  1. 5:15 Les évaluateurs de qualité Google influencent-ils vraiment vos positions ?
  2. 9:39 Panda fonctionne-t-il vraiment en continu ou Google nous cache-t-il quelque chose ?
  3. 9:52 Pourquoi Google veut-il que votre contenu soit bookmarké plutôt que trouvé via la recherche ?
  4. 11:00 Le contenu dupliqué ruine-t-il vraiment votre classement Google ?
  5. 12:06 Le noindex protège-t-il vraiment votre site des pénalités qualité ?
  6. 13:23 Faut-il dupliquer les balises hreflang sur mobile et desktop ?
  7. 15:15 Faut-il vraiment débloquer les images dans le robots.txt pour améliorer son SEO ?
  8. 19:00 Un noindex temporaire fait-il vraiment perdre son positionnement pour de bon ?
  9. 47:39 Les signaux sociaux influencent-ils vraiment le classement Google ?
  10. 48:11 Faut-il vraiment abandonner la commande site: pour compter vos pages indexées ?
  11. 50:14 Les pages lentes sont-elles vraiment indexées par Google ?
  12. 57:59 Faut-il vraiment faire confiance aux données structurées de la Search Console ?
📅
Official statement from (8 years ago)
TL;DR

Google claims it can detect and map non-Unicode fonts (Burmese, Bengali, etc.) to their Unicode equivalents to index content correctly. However, this recognition process is not foolproof and may lead to misinterpretations. For international or multilingual SEO, using Unicode remains the only guarantee of reliable indexing across all search engines.

What you need to understand

Why does Google talk about non-Unicode fonts?

In certain countries, historical websites still use proprietary fonts instead of Unicode to display local characters. This is common in Myanmar, Bangladesh, or India, where legacy encoding systems have persisted since the 2000s.

Specifically, these fonts visually display the correct character, but the underlying HTML code contains non-standard codes. A Burmese "က" may be encoded as a Latin "a" with a specific font applied via CSS. To Google, this looks like gibberish.

How does Google handle this situation?

Mueller explains that Googlebot attempts to recognize these proprietary fonts and transcribe them into Unicode. An inference system analyzes the glyphs, detects patterns, and maps characters to their standard equivalents.

This process is not documented publicly. It is unclear which formats are supported, what the reliability rate is, or whether this detection works for all languages. It is an additional processing layer that introduces latency and uncertainty.

What is the difference with Unicode directly?

With Unicode, the character is correctly encoded from the start. The text is immediately readable by all engines, all browsers, and all screen readers. There’s zero ambiguity.

Without Unicode, you depend on Google's goodwill to interpret your content. Bing, Yandex, or Baidu may not have this capability. Your text risks being indexed as incoherent Latin text or simply ignored.

  • Google may map certain non-Unicode fonts, but it is not guaranteed 100%
  • Unicode eliminates any encoding ambiguity for all search engines
  • Proprietary fonts create a technical dependency on Google's detection capability
  • Accessibility and international SEO require Unicode as the standard
  • Mapping errors can lead to incorrectly or partially indexed content

SEO Expert opinion

Is this statement consistent with field observations?

Yes, it is indeed observed that Google indexes Burmese or Bengali sites with old fonts. But the quality of this indexing varies greatly. Some content is well extracted, while others appear truncated or poorly transcribed in snippets.

The problem is that Mueller does not provide any figures on the success rate of the mapping. [To be verified] If Google detects 95% or 60% of cases, the operational impact is entirely different. This inaccuracy makes the statement difficult to utilize for a technical audit.

What concrete risks are there for a multilingual site?

If you use non-Unicode fonts, you are playing Russian roulette. The day Google changes its detection algorithm, your content could disappear from the SERPs without warning. There’s no guarantee of stability over time.

The second risk involves other search engines. A Burmese site with proprietary fonts may be invisible on Bing or DuckDuckGo. You could be losing traffic without even knowing it because these crawlers do not have Google's mapping logic. Unicode is the only assurance across multiple engines.

In what cases doesn’t this rule apply?

If your site targets only a domestic market with a standard Latin alphabet language (French, English, Spanish), this issue does not concern you. Unicode has been the default standard for these languages for 20 years.

However, if you are working with Arabic, Hebrew, Thai content, or any language with a non-Latin alphabet, check the encoding. Even modern CMSs can mess up UTF-8 if the database is improperly configured. A technical audit should include encoding verification on the key pages, especially after a migration.

Warning: A site can display correctly on the front end without being correctly encoded in HTML. Always test the actual indexing via Search Console and Google snippets.

Practical impact and recommendations

What should be checked on an existing site?

The first reflex is to inspect the HTML source code of multilingual pages. Look for the <meta charset="UTF-8"> tag in the <head>. If it is missing or mentions another encoding (ISO-8859-1, Windows-1252), that’s a red flag.

The second check: copy a block of text from the source code and paste it into a plain text editor. If the characters display correctly without CSS or fonts, you are in Unicode. If it looks like gibberish, you have a font mapping problem.

How to fix a site using proprietary fonts?

Migration to Unicode requires a content overhaul. You need to retrieve the original text, re-encode it properly, and replace the old fonts with Unicode fonts (Google Fonts offers options for most languages).

This is a technical project that affects the database, templates, and potentially URLs if some slugs contained poorly encoded characters. Prepare a 301 redirect plan if the URLs change, and monitor indexing in Search Console for several weeks after deployment.

What mistakes to avoid during migration?

A classic error is changing the HTML encoding without touching the database. The site then displays corrupted characters because MySQL serves latin1 while the browser expects UTF-8. It is crucial to synchronize the encoding across the entire chain: database, PHP/Python, HTML.

Another trap is forgetting old content. If you only migrate current pages, your archives will remain in proprietary fonts. Google can index these old URLs, creating encoding inconsistency on the site. Conduct a complete inventory via a Screaming Frog or Botify crawl before starting.

  • Check the meta charset tag on all site languages
  • Test the display of text copied from the source code without CSS
  • Audit database encoding (SHOW CREATE TABLE in MySQL)
  • Prepare a 301 redirect plan if URLs contain non-Unicode characters
  • Monitor indexing and snippets in Search Console post-migration
  • Validate that all search engines (not just Google) are indexing correctly
If your site uses non-Unicode fonts, migrate to UTF-8 as soon as possible to ensure stable and universal indexing. This kind of technical overhaul can be complex, especially for multilingual sites with significant history. If you do not have the internal expertise to manage database encoding, redirects, and indexing monitoring, consulting a specialized SEO agency can help you avoid costly mistakes and significantly speed up the project.

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

Google indexe-t-il tous les types de polices non-Unicode ?
Google tente de mapper certaines polices propriétaires vers Unicode, notamment pour le birman et d'autres langues asiatiques, mais le processus n'est pas garanti à 100%. L'efficacité dépend du format de police et de la langue.
Dois-je migrer immédiatement vers Unicode si mon site fonctionne actuellement ?
Oui, même si Google indexe actuellement votre contenu, cette situation est fragile. Un changement d'algorithme ou l'utilisation d'autres moteurs de recherche peut rendre votre contenu invisible du jour au lendemain.
Comment vérifier si mon site utilise Unicode ou des polices propriétaires ?
Inspectez le code source HTML et copiez un bloc de texte dans un éditeur brut. Si les caractères s'affichent correctement sans CSS, vous êtes en Unicode. Vérifiez aussi la présence de la balise meta charset UTF-8.
La migration vers Unicode affecte-t-elle le référencement existant ?
Si les URLs changent à cause de caractères mal encodés, oui. Prévoyez des redirections 301 et surveillez l'indexation. Si seul l'encodage interne change sans impact sur les URLs, l'effet devrait être neutre ou positif.
Les autres moteurs de recherche gèrent-ils les polices non-Unicode comme Google ?
Non, la plupart des moteurs (Bing, Yandex, Baidu) n'ont pas de système de mapping avancé. Sans Unicode, votre contenu risque d'être totalement ignoré ou mal indexé sur ces plateformes.
🏷 Related Topics
Content Crawl & Indexing AI & SEO

🎥 From the same video 12

Other SEO insights extracted from this same Google Search Central video · duration 1h01 · published on 02/08/2017

🎥 Watch the full video on YouTube →

Related statements

💬 Comments (0)

Be the first to comment.

2000 characters remaining
🔔

Get real-time analysis of the latest Google SEO declarations

Be the first to know every time a new official Google statement drops — with full expert analysis.

No spam. Unsubscribe in one click.