What does Google say about SEO? /
The Crawl & Indexing category compiles all official Google statements regarding how Googlebot discovers, crawls, and indexes web pages. These fundamental processes determine which pages from your website will be included in Google's index and potentially appear in search results. This section addresses critical technical mechanisms: crawl budget management to optimize allocated resources, strategic implementation of robots.txt files to control content access, noindex directives for page exclusion, XML sitemap configuration to enhance discoverability, along with JavaScript rendering challenges and canonical URL implementation. Google's official positions on these topics are essential for SEO professionals as they help avoid technical blocking issues, accelerate new content indexation, and prevent unintentional deindexing. Understanding Google's crawling and indexing processes forms the foundation of any effective search engine optimization strategy, directly impacting organic visibility and SERP performance. Whether troubleshooting indexation problems, optimizing crawl efficiency for large websites, or ensuring proper URL canonicalization, these official guidelines provide authoritative answers to complex technical SEO questions that shape modern web presence and discoverability.
Quick SEO Quiz

Test your SEO knowledge in 5 questions

Less than a minute. Find out how much you really know about Google search.

🕒 ~1 min 🎯 5 questions
★★ Is it true that JavaScript can impact your SEO, and how should you approach it?
Using JavaScript is not prohibited for SEO, but it’s important to understand that relying on the browser and Googlebot to handle third-party content means you have less control than when the server do...
Martin Splitt Dec 08, 2020
★★ How can bundling your JavaScript speed up your site’s crawl?
JavaScript bundling (file grouping) reduces the number of HTTP requests and facilitates the work of crawl bots. Code splitting then allows for intelligent separation of code according to site sections...
Martin Splitt Dec 08, 2020
★★★ What exactly is a 'document' to Google and why does it change everything for your indexing?
In the context of Google Search, a 'document' is any content retrieved by Googlebot and processed by the Caffeine indexing system. This can be HTML pages, DOC files, spreadsheets, or any other indexab...
Gary Illyes Dec 08, 2020
★★★ Nofollow: Did Google really implement its changes on the announced dates?
Google announced two dates for nofollow changes: September 1 for potential use in ranking algorithms, and March 1 for use in crawling and indexing. No official announcement has been made regarding the...
Gary Illyes Dec 07, 2020
★★★ Should you use the address change tool when switching from m. to www.?
There is no need to use the address change tool in Search Console when transitioning from mobile URLs (m.site) to desktop URLs (www). Google will automatically detect the redirects. The tool is meant ...
John Mueller Dec 04, 2020
★★ Are Core Updates truly disconnected from other algorithmic changes at Google?
Core Updates are generally not grouped with other types of algorithmic changes like indexing changes. If several updates are released simultaneously, it's more of a coincidence than an intentional gro...
John Mueller Dec 04, 2020
★★★ Why isn't Google indexing all of your discovered URLs?
When many URLs fall under the 'discovered, currently not indexed' category, it means that Google has crawled the site and seen these URLs, but is not convinced that indexing them will provide value to...
John Mueller Dec 04, 2020
★★★ Does the trailing slash in URLs really matter for SEO?
By default, Google does not consider URLs with and without trailing slashes to be identical. Technically, one represents the root of a directory and the other a file within the parent directory. If Go...
John Mueller Dec 04, 2020
★★★ Is your website's partial indexing really just a normal occurrence?
It is extremely common for websites to be partially indexed. This is normal. The indexing rate of any site will always fluctuate over time. The number of discovered pages that are currently not indexe...
John Mueller Dec 04, 2020
★★ Could ad-blockers be undermining your canonicalization?
Ad-blocker scripts can sometimes redirect to a central page with a rel canonical tag, which can trigger canonicalization issues depending on how Google crawls the site. These redirects can be detected...
John Mueller Dec 04, 2020
★★★ Do indexing errors really kill your Google traffic?
Errors prevent pages from being indexed. An error means that the page will not appear in Google, which can lead to a loss of traffic to your website. Ideally, you should fix most of the errors on your...
Daniel Waisberg Dec 02, 2020
★★ How does Google really index words and their positions on your pages?
Google constantly crawls the web to discover new and updated pages, compiling a massive index of all the words it sees and their locations on each page. When a user enters a query, Google's machines s...
Daniel Waisberg Dec 02, 2020
★★★ Can You Force Googlebot to Crawl Your Site Using HTTP/2?
John Mueller reminded on Twitter that it was not possible to force Googlebot to crawl a site using HTTP/2, following his announcement on this subject last September. Google chooses the protocol used b...
John Mueller Nov 30, 2020
★★ Can Plagiarism of Your Content Actually Hurt Your Google Rankings?
John Mueller also reminded on Twitter that the fact that other sites copy your content will not cause your content to rank lower in the search engine's results....
John Mueller Nov 30, 2020
★★★ What happens when your hreflang tags contradict each other between HTML and sitemap?
A hreflang conflict occurs when the same country-language combination points to a different URL in HTML and in the sitemap. In this case, Google does not prioritize either one: it likely ignores this ...
John Mueller Nov 27, 2020
★★★ Should you really stop using the URL inspection tool to index your pages?
Websites should be able to be crawled and indexed normally within a reasonable timeframe without using manual tools like the URL inspection tool. If you're depending on this tool for normal indexing, ...
John Mueller Nov 27, 2020
★★★ Does the cached page truly reflect what Google indexes?
The cached page is a technical copy of the fetched HTML, not a representation of what is actually indexed. To check indexing, use the URL Inspection Tool. JavaScript may not execute on cached pages as...
John Mueller Nov 27, 2020
★★★ Does Google really keep your content in its original language instead of translating it?
Google mainly indexes the content of pages as it finds them, without normalizing everything to English. If you have a site in a language where Google Translate is not very effective, Google will still...
John Mueller Nov 27, 2020
★★★ Does Google really combine hreflang signals from HTML, sitemaps, and HTTP headers?
Google combines hreflang annotations from HTML, sitemaps, and HTTP headers. If you have hreflangs in the HTML and others in the sitemap, Google will try to combine and add them together....
John Mueller Nov 27, 2020
★★★ How can you verify if your cookie banners are blocking Google’s indexing?
To check if Google can crawl and index your content behind cookie banners, use the URL Inspection Tool for a live test. Look at the HTML version that Google uses for rendering and indexing, and check ...
John Mueller Nov 27, 2020
🔔

Get real-time analysis of the latest Google SEO declarations

Be the first to know every time a new official Google statement drops — with full expert analysis.

No spam. Unsubscribe in one click.